毒霧を噴射するミイデラゴミムシ

ミイデラゴミムシは、攻撃されて危険を感じると、防御のために大きな音と一緒にとても臭い霧状のガスを、お尻の先から外敵に向けて一気に噴射する。噴射液の温度は100℃にも達し、天敵のカエルや鳥に火傷を負わせ、人の手にかかると皮膚を茶色に変色させ、悪臭をこびりつかせるくらい強力である。お尻の向きを変えればどの方向にも噴射できる上、数発連続して噴射もできる。この防御用の毒霧は常にお腹に霧を貯めている訳ではなく、毒液の成分である2種類の化学物質を、それぞれお腹の中で2カ所に分けて貯めておき、危険を感じるとそれらを反応室と呼ばれる部屋に送って、急激に反応させて毒霧を作る。そして、化学物質が爆発的に反応する時に発生する熱と圧力を利用して、お尻の先から外敵に向けて高温高圧の霧を一気に噴射する。毒霧を2種類の化学物質に分けて貯めておき、必要な時に必要な分だけ反応させて作り出す事で、無駄なく効率よく毒霧を使うことができる。

資源/エネ/情報の発信・生産:: 発熱、におい、噴射

長寿命

水を細かい霧状にして噴射し、水が蒸発するときに周りから熱を奪う効果を利用した新しいエアコンの開発に応用されている。2種類の化学物質を混合して噴射する仕組みを利用した消火器に応用されている。

新しい形の消火器やスプレーとして応用できる。バネを使わずに噴射できる、新しいタイプの薬の吸入器や噴霧器などに応用できる。霧状の消火剤を噴射する、多目的型の自動消火器の開発に応用できる。

: ミイデラゴミムシ Photo by Hiroki Kataoka 生態写真館
すごい自然データベースより引用

: 毒霧を噴射するミイデラゴミムシ Eisner, T., and Aneshansley, D. J., 1999. Spray aiming in the bombardier beetle: Photographic evidence Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 96, pp. 9705–9709.
すごい自然データベースより引用

Query	Affected	Num. rows	Took (ms)	Actions
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents`	16	16	1	maybe slow
SELECT CHARACTER_SET_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLLATIONS WHERE COLLATION_NAME= 'utf8_general_ci';	1	1	1
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `users`	10	10	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `groups`	4	4	0
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `permissions`	5	5	0
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `groups_permissions`	3	3	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `groups_users`	3	3	0
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_searches`	6	6	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `attachments`	11	11	0
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `attachments_revs`	13	13	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_related_items`	5	5	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `related_items`	6	6	0
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_related_items_revs`	8	8	0
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_tags`	5	5	0
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `tags`	7	7	0
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `tag_groups`	6	6	0
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_tags_revs`	7	7	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_revs`	18	18	1	maybe slow
SELECT `Content`.`id`, `Content`.`user_id`, `Content`.`last_edit_user_id`, `Content`.`post_date`, `Content`.`post_date_year`, `Content`.`post_date_month`, `Content`.`post_date_day`, `Content`.`title`, `Content`.`title_en`, `Content`.`content`, `Content`.`plain_content`, `Content`.`page_view`, `Content`.`flag`, `Content`.`mod_count`, `Content`.`created`, `Content`.`modified` FROM `contents` AS `Content` WHERE `id` = 114 LIMIT 1	1	1	0
SELECT `Attachment`.`file_name`, `Attachment`.`dir`, `Attachment`.`model`, `Attachment`.`foreign_key` FROM `attachments` AS `Attachment` WHERE `file_name` <> 'default.jpg' AND `Attachment`.`foreign_key` = (114)	2	2	0
SELECT `ContentsRelatedItem`.`content`, `ContentsRelatedItem`.`related_item_id`, `ContentsRelatedItem`.`content_id` FROM `contents_related_items` AS `ContentsRelatedItem` WHERE `ContentsRelatedItem`.`content_id` = (114)	11	11	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 1	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 2	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 5	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 6	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 7	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 8	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 9	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 9	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 9	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 4	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 11	1	1	0
SELECT `ContentsTag`.`id`, `ContentsTag`.`tag_group_id`, `ContentsTag`.`mod_count`, `ContentsTag`.`tag_id`, `ContentsTag`.`content_id` FROM `contents_tags` AS `ContentsTag` WHERE `ContentsTag`.`content_id` = (114)	4	4	0
SELECT `Tag`.`name`, `Tag`.`comment`, `Tag`.`tag_group_id` FROM `tags` AS `Tag` WHERE `Tag`.`id` = 18	1	1	0
SELECT `TagGroup`.`code`, `TagGroup`.`name` FROM `tag_groups` AS `TagGroup` WHERE `TagGroup`.`id` = 2	1	1	0
SELECT `Tag`.`name`, `Tag`.`comment`, `Tag`.`tag_group_id` FROM `tags` AS `Tag` WHERE `Tag`.`id` = 21	1	1	0
SELECT `TagGroup`.`code`, `TagGroup`.`name` FROM `tag_groups` AS `TagGroup` WHERE `TagGroup`.`id` = 2	1	1	0
SELECT `Tag`.`name`, `Tag`.`comment`, `Tag`.`tag_group_id` FROM `tags` AS `Tag` WHERE `Tag`.`id` = 22	1	1	0
SELECT `TagGroup`.`code`, `TagGroup`.`name` FROM `tag_groups` AS `TagGroup` WHERE `TagGroup`.`id` = 2	1	1	0
SELECT `Tag`.`name`, `Tag`.`comment`, `Tag`.`tag_group_id` FROM `tags` AS `Tag` WHERE `Tag`.`id` = 99	1	1	0
SELECT `TagGroup`.`code`, `TagGroup`.`name` FROM `tag_groups` AS `TagGroup` WHERE `TagGroup`.`id` = 7	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`id`, `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name`, `RelatedItem`.`created`, `RelatedItem`.`modified`, `RelatedItem`.`flag` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `code` = 'function' LIMIT 1	1	1	0
SELECT `Content`.`id`, `Content`.`title`, `Content`.`title_en` FROM `contents` AS `Content` WHERE id = (NULL) ORDER BY `id` desc	0	0	0

Message	Memory use
Component intitailization	6.79 MB
Controller action start	6.83 MB
Controller render start	6.91 MB
View render complete	7.93 MB

Message	Time in ms	Graph
Core Processing (Derived)	95.06
Component initialization and startup	6.39
Controller action	14.28
Render Controller Action	22.85
» Rendering View	20.82
» » Rendering APP/views/contents/view.ctp	10.22
» » Rendering APP/views/layouts/default.ctp	9.26
» » » Rendering APP/views/elements/header.ctp	0.61
» » » Rendering APP/views/elements/content_sidebar.ctp	0.23
» » » Rendering APP/views/elements/footer.ctp	0.18

毒霧を噴射するミイデラゴミムシ

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